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Autonomous drones have the potential to save the forests from fires, Source: Unsplash

AI-powered drones in Finland could patrol the skies in search of wildfires

AI-powered drones in Finland could patrol the skies in search of wildfires

But operating them is still illegal under the country’s legislation

Finnish researchers have developed a system for control and detection of forest wildfires that is entirely reliant on autonomous drones with AI. The system has the potential to replace human-operated fire watch flights, which hints at its green benefits in terms of reducing carbon-intensive air traffic.

There is one problem, however. Finnish law doesn’t allow the operation of fully autonomous drones…at least not yet. It’s another classic case of legislation amendments lagging behind the pace of technological inventions, according to the researchers.

Components of the AI wildfire control airborne system

The system is the fruit of a collaborative project between the National Land Survey of Finland's Finnish Geospatial Institute (FGI), the Finnish Research Centre for Technology VTT and the Universities of Oulu and Jyväskylä.

The AI-equipped drones have a variety of cameras that can detect and recognize fire below and send pictures to emergency services. In addition, the images are sent to a cloud server where they get converted into a real-time map.

The project has also figured out a creative way to circumvent the problem with internet connectivity in remote areas where there is no data transmission infrastructure.

Another drone hovering at the end of a cable is used as a temporary base station to relay signals. That base drone can soar up to a height of 100 metres and has its own satellite link. The cable also carries power from a ground station.

"It can stay in the air 365 days a year, 24 hours a day," says Eija Honkavaara, the FGI research professor leading the project, as quoted by Yle news agency. Think of it as a flying and anchored WiFI hotspot base.

The researchers have not stopped at that, however. The AI system has also been trained to predict the spread of forest fires based on historical data.

The project is funded as part of the EU's Recovery and Resilience Facility.

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